সুশাসন এর পরিচয়ঃ
একজন রাষ্ট্রবিজ্ঞানী সুশাসনের সংজ্ঞা দিতে গিয়ে বলেছেন, ‘সুশাসন হলো একটি দেশের সামাজিক এবং অর্থনৈতিক সম্পদের কার্যকরী ব্যবস্থা, তবে ব্যবস্থাটি হবে উন্মুক্ত, স্বচ্ছ জবাবদিহিতামূলক ও ন্যায্য সমতাপূর্ণ।’ বিশ্বব্যাংকের ধারণাসূত্রে সুশাসন নিম্নে বর্ণিত বিষয়গুলো নিশ্চিত করে-
১. সরকারি কাজে দক্ষতা,
২. স্বাধীন বিচারব্যবস্থা,
৩. বৈধ চুক্তির প্রয়োগ,
৪. জবাবদিহিমূলক প্রশাসন,
৫. স্বাধীন সরকারি নিরীক্ষক,
৬. প্রতিনিধিত্বমূলক আইনসভার কাছে দায়বদ্ধতা,
৭. আইন ও মানবাধিকার সংরক্ষণ,
৮. বহুমুখী সাংগঠনিক কাঠামো
৯. গণমাধ্যমর স্বাধীনতা।
অপরপক্ষে, পাশ্চাত্যের রাষ্ট্রবিজ্ঞানীগণ সুশাসন বলতে গণতান্ত্রিক শাসন ও গণতান্ত্রিক সরকারকে বুঝিয়েছেন। তারা সুশাসনের চারটি বৈশিষ্ট্যের কথা উল্লেখ করেছেন। এগুলো হলো-
Good Governance
Great Governance is a way to deal with government that is focused on making a framework established in equity and harmony that secures person's basic freedoms and common freedoms. As per the United Nations, Good Governance is estimated by the eight elements of Participation, Rule of Law, Transparency, Responsiveness, Consensus Oriented, Equity and Inclusiveness, Effectiveness and Efficiency, and Accountability.
Support necessitates that all gatherings, especially those generally powerless, have immediate or agent admittance to the frameworks of government. This appears as a solid common society and residents with the opportunity of affiliation and articulation.
Law and order is exemplified by unprejudiced overall sets of laws that secure the basic freedoms and common freedoms of all residents, especially minorities. This is demonstrated by an autonomous legal branch and a police power liberated from defilement.
Straightforwardness implies that residents comprehend and approach the means and way in which choices are made, particularly assuming they are straightforwardly impacted by such choices. This data should be given in a justifiable and available configuration, regularly interpreted through the media.
Responsiveness essentially includes that foundations react to their partners inside a sensible time period.
Agreement Oriented is shown by a plan that looks to intercede between the various necessities, viewpoints, and assumptions for an assorted populace. Choices should be made in a way that mirrors a profound comprehension of the recorded, social, and social setting of the local area.
Value and Inclusiveness relies upon guaranteeing that every one of the individuals from a local area feel included and engaged to improve or keep up with their prosperity, particularly those people and gatherings that are the most powerless.
Adequacy and Efficiency is created through the maintainable utilization of assets to address the issues of a general public. Maintainability alludes to both guaranteeing social ventures help through and normal assets are kept up with for people in the future.
Responsibility alludes to organizations being at last responsible to individuals and each other. This incorporates government offices, common society, and the private area all being responsible to each other also.
Great Governance preparing is a basic piece of how Creative Learning treats its International Peace and Security Institute (IPSI) and Global Education Initiatives (GEI) divisions. IPSI routinely shows seminars on Good Governance and related points through its Practitioner Intensives, just as through its International Symposiums that unite master professionals and scholastics from around the world. IPSI has likewise involved the inhabitants of Good Governance as a structure block for its Fragility Resilience Assessment Method (FRAMe) that it co-created with Creative Associates. GEI routinely has people from different nations to find out with regards to Good Governance and Federalism through their exceptionally custom-made Student Education and Practitioner Education programs.